Torch.



W. C. BUGKNAM.

TORCH.

APPLICATION TILED FEB.27;1912.

1,045,506 Patented Nov. 26, 1912.

/7 /0 /0 W WEQ 4 WITNESSES 7 w r I? TTORIVE V U NITED STATES PATENT curios.

"woman 0. BUGKNAM, or JERSEY CITY, NEW JERSEY,

ASSIGNOR TO DAVIS-BOUBNON- VILLE COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

TORCH.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented NOV. 26, 1912.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, WoRTHY C. BUGKNAM', a citizen of the United States, and a resident of Marion, Jersey City, in the county f Hudson and State'of New Jersey, have inventedcertain new and. useful Improvewherein the welding or heating of the metal ments' in Torches, of which the following is a specification, I

This invention relatesto apparatus for welding or otherwise treating metals by means of a jet or jets of gases. It relates more particularly to apparatus or torches is effected by a burning jet of very high temperature composed of oxygen and a combustible gas, such as, for example, acetylene,

The construction of such apparatus has presented numerous problems, since the success of the process is absolutely dependent upon exact proportioning of the constitucuts of the.jet,and calls for special attention a device which will comply with all the necgas leading into the head, and a removable with respect to the mixing provisions,

means for effecting sure seals prohibiting premature mixing or leakage, the prevention of back-firing or the confining of back-fires to parts or passages where they will be harmless, and the elimination of chambers or reservoirs of any considerable capacity where the gases might collect so as either to aggravate the back-firing difiiculty or to cause variation in the nature ,ofthe jet during. the welding operation by expansion of such bodies of'gas due to the increasing heat of the parts;

The object of this invention is to provide essary and desirable requirements of such apparatus and be capable of thoroughly satisfactory operation for the difl'erent kindsor grades of work within its range, and will be characterizedby' the utmost simplicity of construction, thereby making possible low costof construction and great compactness of form, the latter being of importance for certain kinds of work.

The torch comprises a head, preferably supported by a handle connected thereto, conduits for oxygen and the combustible and replaceable tip, constituting one of a series having boresv of difl'eren't sizes for enabling the apparatus to deliver jets suitable 'for different kindsor rades of work. The head is: an integral-b ock or casting, and has provisions, in the nature of narrow kinds of the'head and a single,

intersecting bores, for bringing the two gases together in proper proportions The removable and re laceable tip is secured to the head, prefera )ly by being screwed directly thereto, and is provided with a sealing surface, for contacting with longitudinal bore, supplied witha stream of the two kinds of gases by the bores in the head to mix these gases as they flow and to deliver them as a jet upon the metal or metals tobe welded or heated. The bores in the head are exactly proportioned with respect to theproportions ascertained as necessary for the constituents of the jet, and remain fixed, the change from one tip to another with a different size of bore and discharge orifice .being, accompanied by a proper change in the pressures of the two gases supplied to the conduits, so that the proper velocity of the stream flowing through the tip and issuing upon the work is always maintained, in order to prevent backward propagation of the flame and to secure the delivery of a proper quantity of gaseous npxture per unit time in that particular size 0 jet.

'The inventionv will now be described with more particularity, reference bein had to the accompanying drawings'whereinz,

' Figure 1 is an elevation of a torch; Fig. 2 is a section through the head and tip thereof; Fig. 3 is a section at right-angles to the plane of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 1s a section on a plane corresponding to that of Fig. 1 through a modified form of head; and Fig. 5 is a section at right-angles to Fig. 4.

The head 1 consists of a solid block of metal, being conveniently a castingw It is supported by a handle comprising the conand serving duits or pipes 2, 3 and the cylindrical grip portion. 4, through which the conduits or pipes may extend, the gases being kept entirely separate until after they enter the head. The rearv ends of the conduits 2, 3, are provided with suitable nipples or the like for the connection of flexible tubes leading from the oxygen and acetylene tanks or othersources of supply. Valves 5, 6 are fprovided,'as usual, for opening and closing the passages through the conduits 2, 3. The said conduits are secured to the head in any suitable manner, as by being screwed at theire nds into tapped sockets 7, 8. These crew ]0lI1tS are-permanent, that is, not tobe 1 10 socket 16,

taken apart in the ordinary course of use, and are made tight in any suitable or usual lllilllllel'.

The head or block 1. or the body thereof,

is preferably elongated, being disposed at ployed in the particular case. i It is preferred to supply the gases to thehead under equal pressures, and to make the ratio between the areas of the bores 9 and 10 the same as the ascertained ratio between'the constituents. The bore 9, which leads oxygen to the point of intersection, has an extension 11 in direct line therewith for conducting the two gases from said point of intersection. This bore or extension 11 is preferably short. and is of proper cross sectional area relative to the bores 9,10, being, therefore. somewhat larger than the bore 9 of which it is an extension. The bore 10 preferably intersects the bores 9 and 11 at a wide angle, so as to promote the rapidity and thoroughness of mingling of the two ases. The bore 10 has an extension 12, preferably of the same diameter, which is accessible through the front of the head. The outer end of this extension 12 is closed by a removable screw plug 13 occupying a tapped socket of suitable size into which the extension 12 opens. In this manner, by the removal of the plug 13, a cleaning opening is afforded, through which a rod or wire may be passed through the entire length of the acetylene bore 10 for the purpose of removing, accumulated carbon.

A removable and replaceable tip 14:, constituting one of a series having bores of different cross-sectional areas and lengths is attached to the head by means of screwthreads 15 on the rear part thereof which engage with internal threads formed in a into which the extension 11 of the bore 9 opens. The tip is provided with a single, longitudinal bore 17, for the proper mixing and discharge of the gases supplied by the bores in the head. This bore 17 preferably forms a straight-line continuation of the bores 9 and 11. The tip is formed with a suitable sealing surface 18, which contacts with a cooperating portion or surface on the head, to effect a. leak-tight joint.

From the foregoing description the operation of the apparatus willbe obvious to those skilled in the art. The bore 10, constituting the acetylene inlet passage, is preferably of such restricted cross-sectionalarea that backward propagation of flame through this passage into the acetylene conduit 2'is prevented.

-In Figs. 4 and 5 there is illustrated an other form of the invention, which may be used in conjunction with a range of tips havingbores of larger sizes. With a single acetylene inlet in'the head, suificiently restricted to prevent back-firing at the lowest pressure and velocity of the entering acetylene appropriate to the bore in the smallest size of removable tip, the use of tips with materially larger bores might necessitate the employment of an undesirably high ressure. for the acetylene. Accordingly, with larger bores it is desirable to employ a head having more than one acetylene inlet a passage, so that the cross-sectional area of each acetylene passage may be suificiently v restricted to guard against back-firing ther'ethrough. In the construction shown in Figs. at and 5 two-bores 10 are drilled from the socket 7 of the acetylene conduit transversely of the head in planes at opposite sides of the short combining bore or pass sage 11. These bores are connected with the oxygen inlet bore 9 and with the combining bore or passage 11 by means of a transverse bore 10 formed at right angles to the bores 10 and also to the oxygen inlet bore 9. Thus, each bore 10 and half of the bore 1t) form a right angular acetylene inlet passage.- The cross-sectional area of either the bore 10 orv 10, or both, is sufficiently re stricted so that back-firing therethrough is.

prevented. The bore '10 may extend at op-, posite ends through the outer side walls of the head,v there being provided with cleanout screws or plugs 13. The form of tipused with this head is the same as was described in connection with Figs. 1 to 3. The form of head shownin Figs. 4 and 5 is not limited to use with tips of large bores only.

What I claim as new is: 1. A torch comprising a head formed of an integral block, conduits for a combustible gas and oxygen respectively leading into said head, and a tip removably attached to the head and having a longitudinal bore terminating in an outlet orifice, said headhavs '115 ing mixing provisions comprising a bore communicating with the oxygen conduit and in line wlth the bore ofthe tip anda bore communicating with the-combustible, gas conduit and intersecting the other bore approximately at right angles, the gases being brought together by these provlslons before entering the tip.

2. A torch suitable for welding metals, comprising a head formed of an integral block, conduits for oxy en and a combust1- ble gas leading into sai head, said head or block having a narrow bore for each kind of gas leading from said conduits and intersectingat a wide angle, one of said bores or tips 80 from the outside of th outer end of the latter extension,

having a short extension of larger cross-sec.- tion extending beyond the point of intersection and openin through the head, the other bore also having anv extension beyond the point of intersection, a plug removable head closing the and a tip removably secured to the head and being formed with a longitudinal mixing and discharge bore forming a continuation of the former extension.

3. A torch comprising an integral head having a socket, a one-piece tip removably held in said socket andhaving a longitudinal bore extending from end to end-and terminating in a jet mouth, and conduits for oxygen and a combustible gas respectively leading into said head, said head having an opening at the back of its socket communicating with the rear end of said bore in the tip, and mixing provisions formed in the head and comprising a bore communicating with the oxygen conduit and terminating in said opening, being in line with the bore of the tip, and a bore communicating with the combustible gas conduit and leading directly into the oxygen stream at an angle, the lastnamed bore communicating with said socket only through said opening.

In witness whereof I have signed my name in the presence of two subscriblng witnesses.

WORTHY C. BUCKNAM.

Witnesses:

J. F. BRANDENBURG, B. W. Coonnocx. 

